Aliansi Negara Komunis dan Fundamentalis Agama dalam Melindungi Posisi Nicolas Maduro dari Tekanan Politik Internasional Negara Barat

Authors

  • Bagus Subekti Nuswantoro Program Studi Ilmu Hubungan Internasional, Universitas Respati Yogyakarta - Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24076/NSJIS.2020v3i1.35

Keywords:

Power, Alliance, Communist, Fundamentalist

Abstract

This paper seeks to provide a view that international relations after the Cold War remains dominated by the interests of superpowers such as the United States, China and Russia. This can be seen from the behavior of these countries in influencing Venezuela. On the other hand, Turkey as a country with an Islamic Fundamentalist character under Erdogan's leadership was involved in the struggle for influence in Venezuela. What's interesting is that in this condition Turkey was in the ranks of China and Russia to support the Nicolas Maduro Government. The aim of this study is to look at the efforts of the Communist ideology (Russian)  and Islamic Fundamentalism (Turkey) state in defending Nicolas Maduro's position as president of Venezuela from Western pressure.

References

Adam, A. (2016) Kisah Partai-Partai Komunis Palestina Melawan Israel (Online). Available at: https://tirto.id/kisah-partai-partai-komunis-palestina-melawan-israel-b5Ax (Accessed: 2 Agustus 2019).

BBC Indonesia. (2019) Bagaimana Krisis Dalam Negeri Venezuela dapat Menjadi Masalah Global (Online). Available at: https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/dunia-47000419 (Accessed: 23 Juli 23, 2019).

CNN Indonesia. (2019) Trump Akui Juan Guaido Jadi Presiden Sementara Venezuela (Online). Available at: https://www.cnnindonesia.com/internasional/20190124021515-134-363314/trump-akui-juan-guaido-jadi-presiden-sementara-venezuela (Accessed: 28 Februari 2019).

Efanov, V. (2017) Islam di Negara Komunis: Kebijakan Uni Soviet Terhadap Kaum Beragama. Yogyakarta: Oktober Light 1917.

Firdaus, F. (2018) “Strategi Perlawanan Venezuela dalam Menghadapi Tekanan Amerika Serikat melalui ALBA Tahun 2015-2017.” Jurnal Fisip Universitas Airlangga, Vol. 1.

John L.Esposito, M. A.-J. (2010) Dialektika Peradaban. Modernisme Politik dan Budaya di Akhir Abad ke-20. Yogyakarta: Qalam.

Jusuf, W. (2017) Setelah Melintasi Abad 19 dan 20, Apa Lagi dari Komunisme? (Online). Available at: https://tirto.id/setelah-melintasi-abad-19-dan-20-apa-lagi-dari-komunisme-cxyY (Accessed: 2 Agustus 2019).

Karel, I. E. (2019 “Turkish foreign policy in Venezuela: What factors can explain Turkey’s sudden and accelerated rapprochement with Venezuela in the last years?” Revista, 92(1), p. 3.

Kurmanaev, Anatoly. (2019) Why Is Russia Helping Venezuela? (Online). Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/2019/03/08/world/americas/russia-venezuela-maduro-putin.html (Accessed: 29 November 2019).

Michael Roskin, N. B. (1990) IR: An Introduction to International Relations. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.

Mudzakkir, A. (2016, Juni) “Islam dan Politik Di Era Kontemporer”, Epistemé, Vol. 11, No. 1, p. 32.

Negroponte, D. V. (2018) Politics, Business & Culture in the Americas (Online). Available at: https://www.americasquarterly.org/content/russian-interests-venezuela-new-cold-war (Accessed: 3 November 2019).

O’Brien, A. (2019) “Venezuela and Russia: Geopolitical Allies in the 21st Century,” The Yale Review of International Studies.

Perdana, A. V. (2019) Putin dan Erdogan Menyatakan Dukungan terhadap Presiden Maduro (Online). Available at: https://internasional.kompas.com/read/2019/01/25/13573451/putin-dan-erdogan-menyatakan-dukungan-terhadap-presiden-maduro?page=all (Accessed: 6 November 2019).

Riza, B. (2019) Cina, Rusia, Turki Dukung Maduro, 3 Alasannya? (Online). Available at: https://dunia.tempo.co/read/1170770/cina-rusia-turki-dukung-maduro-3-alasannya (Accessed: 28 Februari 2019).

Rofii, M. S. (2019) Islam di Langit Turki. Ygyakarta: IRCiSoD.

Romero, C., & Mujares, V. (2016) “From Chavez to Maduro: Continuity and Change in Venezuelan Foreign Policy.” Contexto Internacional, Vol. 38(1), pp. 165-201.

Seelke, C. R., Brown, P., M. Nelson, R., & Margesson, R. (2019) “Venezuela: Background and U.S. Relations”. Congressional Research Service, No. 9.

Service, C. R. (2019) Venezuela: Background and U.S. Relations. CRS Report, No. 21.

Vitria, V. (2009) “Konflik Peradaban Samuel P. Huntington(Kebangkitan Islam yang Dirisaukan?)”. Humanika, Vol. 9, No 1, p. 40.

Walt, S. M. (1985) “Alliance Formation and the Balance of World Power”, International Security, Vol. 9 No. 4, pp. 3-43.

Warsito, T. (2019) “Krisis Arab dan Masa Depan Dunia Islam”, Interviewed by Nuswantoro, B.S. Yogyakarta.

Wendt, A., Levy, J. S., & Little, R. (2014) Metodologi Ilmu Hubungan Internasional; Pendekatan Paradigmatik dan Pendekatan Alternatif. Malang: Intrans Publishing.

Yuniarti. (2010) Perubahan Pola Hubungan Internasional Abad 20 dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Realisme Versus Idealisme. Jurnal Sosial Politika, 2, Vol. 17, pp. 41-53.

Downloads

Published

30-06-2020

Issue

Vol. 3 No. 1 (2020): Juni

Section

Research Article

License

Copyright (c) 2020 Bagus Subekti Nuswantoro

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

How to Cite

Nuswantoro, B.S. (2020) “Aliansi Negara Komunis dan Fundamentalis Agama dalam Melindungi Posisi Nicolas Maduro dari Tekanan Politik Internasional Negara Barat”, Nation State: Journal of International Studies, 3(1), pp. 60–71. doi:10.24076/NSJIS.2020v3i1.35.